Electric furnace steelmaking is the main method of producing special steel at home and abroad.c arc furnace steelmaking is a method to input electric energy into arc steelmaking furnace through graphite electrode and make use of the heat emitted by arc generated by discharge between electrode end and furnace charge.
Its advantages are as follows:
(1) High thermal efficiency, generally up to more than 65%.
(2) when the temperature is high and the temperature in the arc zone is above 3000 ℃, the molten steel can be heated to above 1600 ℃ to meet the requirements of smelting different kinds of steel.
(3) lax requirements for raw materials.
(4) the atmosphere in the furnace can be adjusted, and the composition of molten steel can be easily controlled.
(5) compared with the converter, the equipment is relatively simple, the area is small, the investment is less, and the plant is built quickly.
Therefore, this method has been widely used in smelting alloy steel soon after its invention, and has been developed rapidly.
But there are also some problems or shortcomings in electric furnace steelmaking:
The main results are as follows:
(1) the arc is the point heat source, the temperature distribution in the furnace is uneven, the consumption of electric power, electrode and refractory is high, and the temperature of molten steel varies greatly when the molten pool is calm.
(2) the arc ionizes the air and water vapor, and the resulting hydrogen and nitrogen entering the molten steel will affect the quality of the steel.
(3) the productivity is lower and the cost is higher than that of the converter.
Post time: Jul-19-2022
